Metrohm Inline Sample Preparation Making your ion chromatography more efficient Metrohm Inline Sample Preparation for precise and accurate analysis 02 Crystal clear, clinically pure, no bacteria and no particles: ensures that up to 0.2 µL liquid can be measured out and this would be an ideal sample for ion chromatography. transferred exactly, quickly and precisely. The advantages The real world is often different. Apart from the ions to are clear. You will benefit from significant time and cost be determined, the samples contain matrix components savings while at the same time increasing the reliability of which may be aggressive or lead to precipitation in the your analyses. system. They can sometimes make analysis difficult, if not impossible. Samples with a high load of matrix compo-Methods of nents can damage the separation column or lead to Metrohm Inline Sample Preparation blockages in the system. That is why suitable sample • Inline Ultrafiltration pre paration is essential for reliable and accurate analysis. • Inline Dialysis • Inline Dilution In the past, all sample preparation steps had to be carried • Intelligent Partial Loop Injection Technique out manually. That is history. With the unique Metrohm • Intelligent Pick-up Injection Technique Inline Sample Preparation (MISP) techniques, some of • Inline Extraction which have been patented, it is now possible to auto- • Inline Matrix Elimination mate these processes in full and make each individual • Inline Calibration step traceable. The high precision and accuracy of Liquid • Inline Preconcentration Handling are based on the outstanding properties of the • Inline Neutralization patented 800 Dosino. The use of Dosino technology • Inline Cation Removal Metrohm Inline Sample Preparation (MISP): These techniques are the key to fully automated samle analysis by ion chroma to-grahpy. The samples are delivered into the system with an autosampler, subjected to one of the Metrohm Inline Sample Preparation techniques, and are then injected directly into an IC system. Highlights • Unique, partially patented and fully automated sample preparation 03 • Inline transfer of a solid, liquid or gaseous sample through to injection • Improves precision and accuracy of the analysis results • Minimizes processing time • Reduces manual steps • Guarantees traceability for each sample preparation step • Minimizes the risk of contamination • Opens up new application areas • Enables ultratrace analysis • Self-optimizing analyses based on logical decisions of the system • Professional Liquid Handling thanks to Dosino technology Metrohm Inline Ultrafiltration In modern ion chromatography it is highly recommended 04 Inline Ultrafiltration at a glance to filter all samples prior to injection, in order to avoid • Fully automated sample filtration (0.2 µm) during particle deposits in the injection valve, in capillary tubes sample injection or on separation columns. Such deposits in turn reduces • Lifetime of the column is extended the chromatographic performance and the lifetime of • Saving of a manual step and resulting reduced risk the columns. of contamination • Lower maintenance With Inline Ultrafiltration, Metrohm offers a fast and eco- • More than 100 samples with a single filter, due to nomical alternative to manual filtration. Inline Ultra fi l-negligible carryover from sample to sample (<0.1%) tration combines sample injection directly with filtration. • Cost-saving solution for routine analysis Because of this unique functional feature, filters with a • Can be combined with Inline Dilution and intelligent pore size of 0.2 µm can be used for 100 or more Partial Loop Injection Technique samples. This is ideal sample preparation for routine analysis. Inline Ultrafiltration is made possible through the combination of a dual-channel peristaltic pump and an ultrafiltration cell. The sample can be delivered either manually or automatically by a sample changer. Applications with Inline Ultrafiltration 05 • Analysis of anions, cations, carbohydrates, and polar substances in the ng/L to g/L range • Samples slightly or moderately contaminated with particles, algae or bacteria • Drinking water and surface water • Process water and waste water • Extracts • Digestion solutions • Diluted fruit and vegetable juices The two parts of the ultrafiltration cell are separated by a filter membrane. On one side, the sample is carried through the cell at a high flow rate. On the other side, some of the sample is drawn off through the membrane and transported to the injection valve. The formation of filter cake is prevented by continuous flushing of particles out of the cell at a high flow rate. Metrohm Inline Dialysis 06 Inline Dialysis is the answer to complex sample matrices. Inline Dialysis at a glance This technique separates not only particles from their • Time- and cost-saving Inline Sample Preparation for analytes, but also colloids, oil components, and large analysis of complex samples molecules. Protein-containing samples can be injected • Patented «Stopped-Flow Dialysis» directly after Inline Dialysis. This saves time-consuming • Fully automatic dialysis of samples during sample manual steps such as the precipitation of proteins with injection Carrez reagent. • Increased column lifetime due to elimination of large molecules, oily sample components, proteins, To separate the analytes from the matrix, a cellulose and particles acetate or nylon membrane (pore size 0.2 µm) is used. If • No time-consuming manual working steps your samples are heavily contaminated with particles and • Low-maintenance requirement (replacement of filtration is not feasible because the filters would get dialysis membrane every 40–400 samples) blocked, Inline Dialysis is the solution. • Minimal carryover from sample to sample (<0.2%) • Nearly complete dialysis rates • Possibility of combination with Inline Dilution and Inline Extraction Setup for Inline Dialysis: In the traditional setup, two dual-channel peristaltic pumps are combined with the dialysis cell. Inline Dialysis can also be carried out manually or with a sample changer. Applications with Inline Dialysis 07 • Analysis of anions, cations, carbohydrates, and polar substances in the ng/L to g/L range • Samples heavily contaminated with particles, algae or bacteria • Emulsions and dispersions • Process water, washing water, and waste water • Oil-containing samples such as cutting oils and petroleum-containing samples • Samples from fermentation processes • Dairy products and other protein-containing samples, e.g., flour and honey • Body fluids, e.g., blood, urine, and sweat • Organically contaminated samples such as tobacco and ink • Concentrated fruit and vegetable juices The principle of the patented Stopped-Flow Dialysis: Sample is continuously pumped on the sample side (the left side of the membrane). After a rinsing phase, the acceptor stream to the right of the membrane is stopped. Because of the concentration gradient, the ions pass through the membrane until an equilibrium is achieved and thus the concentration in the acceptor solution matches the concentration of the original sample. Afterwards, the acceptor solution is injected directly into the IC. Metrohm Logical Inline Dilution 08 One of the oldest sample preparation techniques is the Logical Inline Dilution at a glance dilution of samples. Nowadays, this step too can be car- • Time- and cost-saving Inline Sample Preparation for ried out inline using an automated system. A further routine analysis development is Logical Inline Dilution (Metrohm Inline • Unique dilution system based on logical decisions of Dilution Technique «MIDT»). For this, the sample just the system needs to be placed on the autosampler and the analysis • Fully automatic sample dilution during sample is started. The system automatically calculates the opti- injection mum dilution factor and analyzes the sample. Thus your • Accurate and reliable results, irrespective of the results are always reliable, because they are always initial concentration of the sample within the calibration range. • Very low-maintenance technology • Automatic calibration; preparation of a single multi-Of course, not only samples, but also standards can be ion standard is enough diluted. Consequently, Metrohm offers the possibility of • High flexibility: a single method for all dilution factors automatic calibration, i.e., a single multi-ion standard is • Sample concentrations in the range 1:10,000 can be all that is needed. The system dilutes this standard with analyzed reliably with a single automated calibration different dilution factors and thus carries out multi-point • Unlimited dilution factors through multi-stage calibration. dilutions • Possibility of combination with Inline Ultrafiltration and Inline Dialysis Setup for Inline Dilution: Dilution takes place in a dilution vessel in the Liquid Handling Station, so all positions on the sample rack are available for samples. The concentrated sample, as well as the diluting agent, are measured out exactly and added by means of an 800 Dosino. After mixing, the diluted sample is transferred by a peristaltic pump to the injection valve of the ion chromatograph. Afterward, the needle in the rinsing unit of the Liquid Handling Station is cleaned. This minimizes the carryover risk. Undiluted samples can also be analyzed with the same setup. Applications with Logical Inline Dilution 09 • Analysis of anions, cations, carbohydrates, and polar substances in the mg/L to g/L range • Samples with high ion concentration • Samples from all branches of industry Determination of the optimum dilution factor 10 sample 8 logical dilution 6 ea [µS·min/cm] 4 e 2 ang Peak ar ation r calibr 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Concentration [mg/L] If the sample is outside the calibration range, it is diluted with the optimum dilution factor and analyzed. Thus your results are always within the calibration range. Metrohm intelligent Partial Loop Injection Technique 10 Unlike with Logical Inline Dilution, the dilution factor is Intelligent Partial Loop Injection Technique not varied when using «MiPT» – Metrohm intelligent at a glance Partial Loop Injection Technique. With this technique, the • Time- and cost-saving intelligent injection technique injection volume of an undiluted sample is adjusted for routine applications and method development between 2 and 200 µL. The method is «intelligent» be - • High-performance analysis system adjusting the cause it automatically calculates the optimum injection injection volume to the concentration of the sample volume. As a result, here too it is possible to cover a very • Accurate and reliable results, because the results are wide range of sample concen trations. Furthermore, this always within the calibration range technique is almost free of any carryover (<0.001%), • Faster and more precise than manual dilution enabling se quen tial analysis in the mg/L and µg/L range. • Practically maintenance-free technology • Automatic calibration; preparation of just one single MiPT is characterized by outstanding linearity over the multi-ion standard entire volume range. For this reason, this technique can • Optimum flexibility – one method for injection also be used for automatic calibrations using a single volumes between 2 and 200 µL multi-ion standard. • Smallest carryover from sample to sample of all sample preparation techniques: <0.001% • Sample concentrations in the range 1:10,000 can be analyzed reliably with automatic calibration • Can be combined with Inline Ultrafiltration Setup of the intelligent Partial Loop Injection Technique: Here too an 800 Dosino measures the sample with high accuracy. It can dose excactly 0.2 µL. Intelligent Partial Loop Injection Technique can be carried out both with and without an autosampler and is also suitable for combined anion-cation systems. Applications with intelligent Partial Loop 11 Injection Technique • Analysis of anions, cations, carbohydrates and polar substances in the µg/L to mg/L range • For universal application to all types of samples in the typical IC concentration range: trace analysis to waste water analysis Flowchart of an intelligent Partial Loop Injection: (1) conditioning of the sample path and aspiration of the sample, (2) injection valve switches to «Inject», (3) accurate dosing of the injection volume into the sample loop, (4) injection of the volume supplied. Metrohm intelligent Pick-up Injection Technique 12 Metrohm intelligent Pick-up Technique «MiPuT» is the A coated-steel needle with a very low dead volume was ideal sample injection technique for small sample quan-developed for the Pick-up Injection Technique. The coat- tities of just a few µL. This technique requires only as ing prevents any contamination by metal traces. The ro - much sample volume as the amount needed for injection bust design ensures that even sealed reaction vessels, into the ion chromatograph. Users can choose volumes such as those made by Eppendorf, can be pierced. Suit-ranging from 4 µL to 60 µL. The benefit of this technique able reaction vessels are available for a range of volumes is that samples from a broad range of con centrations can from 1.5 to 2.5 mL. be delivered without the need for any manual dilution. The optimal injection volume is calcu la ted automatically. Intelligent Pick-up Injection Technique at a glance • Time- and cost-saving intelligent injection technique A system using Pick-up Injection Technique can be calib-for small sample volumes rated automatically just like systems using Logical Inline • No sample loss Dilution and intelligent Partial Loop Injection Technique. • Dependable, precise results for small sample volumes All that is needed for an automatic calibration is a multi- • Practically maintenance-free technology ion standard. The system injects the multi-ion standard • Automatic calibration; preparation of a single with various injection volumes, creating a multi-point multi-ion standard is sufficient calib ra tion. This simplifies and accelerates calib ra tion. • Very low carryover from sample to sample: <0.001% • For combined anion and cation analysis Setup of the intelligent Pick-up Injection Technique: The 800 Dosino has the key function in this sample preparation technique. With the 800 Dosino, sample volumes of 4 µL to 60 µL can be aspirated with the highest precision. For the transfer of the sample into the sample loop, the 800 Dosino aspirates ultrapure water from the Liquid Handling Station. This ensures the accurate transfer of the measured sample volume into the sample loop. 13 Applications with intelligent Pick-up Injection Technique • Analysis of anions, cations, carbohydrates, and polar substances in the µg/L to mg/L range • Small sample volumes • Samples from any industry Metrohm Inline Extraction 14 Extractions make it possible to transfer components from Inline Extraction at a glance one medium into another. In ion chromatography, water • Time- and cost-saving Inline Sample Preparation for is used as the basis of the mobile phase. Inline Extraction analysis of organic samples is used to transfer water soluble components from a • Unique inline technique for fully automated non-polar organic phase into an aqueous phase. The extraction of samples during sample injection aqueous phase can then be injected directly after Inline • Facilitates ion chromatographic analysis of the water-Dialysis and is analyzed subsequently. Thus whole sample soluble components of non-polar, organic samples series can be processed fully automatically. • No time-consuming manual working steps • Low maintenance • Minimal carryover from sample to sample (<0.2%) • Inline Extraction includes patented Stopped-Flow Dialysis Setup and operation of Inline Extraction: A precisely measured sample is transferred to the dilution unit of the Liquid Handling Station. There the extraction medium is added and stirred for a certain time. During a waiting time that follows, two phases form. The aqueous phase now contains all the extractable, water-soluble ingredients of the sample. Any organic droplets remaining are removed from this phase during subsequent Inline Dialysis. Now the sample can be injected and analyzed. 15 Applications with Inline Extraction • Analysis of water-soluble anions, cations, and carbohydrates in the µg/L to mg/L range • Quality control of biodiesel • Determination of impurities in edible oils Metrohm Inline Matrix Elimination 16 The determination of anions or cations in polar organic Inline Matrix Elimination at a glance solvents or other aggressive matrices is an analytical • Universal sample preparation to remove an challenge. Such samples can damage the column or uncharged or oppositely charged matrix during affect the chromatograms in such a way that evaluation sample injection is impossible. This challenge can be met with Inline • Increased column lifetime Matrix Elimination. • Opens up the possibility of applications that are impossible with direct injection Inline Matrix Elimination is a technique that is able to • Alternative to time-consuming and expensive separate ionic analytes from the uncharged matrix with- manual sample preparation with SPE cartridges out sample preparation cartridges (SPE cartridges). In • Ultratrace analysis in combination with Inline addition, the counterions of the analytes and of the Calibration matrix are removed. In contrast to Inline Dialysis, small • No risk of contamination due to blank-free liquid matrix molecules (e.g. isopropanol, hydrogen peroxide, handling and undissociated boric acid) can also be eliminated with • Low maintenance Inline Matrix Elimination. • Can be combined with Inline Preconcentration and Inline Neutralization Setup of Inline Matrix Elimination as used in the analysis of fuel mixtures. The sample is measured by way of a sample loop, which is placed on an additional valve, and then washed by means of a transfer solution onto a preconcentration column. The transfer solution can be ultrapure water or a diluted solvent. It washes any uncharged and organic matrix components from the preconcentration column. In addition, all counterions in the sample are removed. 17 Applications with Inline Matrix Elimination • Analysis of anions or cations in the ng/L to g/L range • Trace analysis in polar solvents such as isopropanol, ethanol, THF • Trace and ultratrace analysis in extracting agents • Quality control in fuels, fuel mixtures, and biofuels • Analysis of the ionic components in hydrogen peroxide • Quality assurance of ultrapure chemicals • Ultratrace analysis in samples from nuclear power plants and conventional power plants Matrix elimination in a fuel-ethanol mixture (E85: 85% ethanol, 15% gasoline); column: Metrosep A Supp 7 - 250/4.0; eluent: 3.6 mmol/L Na CO + 7.5% acetone; 2 3 0.8 mL/min; sample volume: 10 µL; transfer solution: 7.5% acetone. Metrohm Inline Preconcentration 18 For each analytical method, there are limits regarding the column, the relevant ions are retained. Through injection smallest detectable concentration. In ion chromatography, the accumulated ions are eluted with the eluent onto the depending on the system used, these limits are between separation column. 0.1 µg/L and 100 µg/L. Inline Preconcentration increases measuring sensitivity considerably and opens up con cen- The crucial step is exact measurement of the volume. tration ranges in the ng/L range. Here you benefit from the outstanding accuracy of the 800 Dosino. The 800 Dosino makes pre con centration of For Inline Preconcentration, a preconcentration column is variable volumes possible (Metrohm intelligent Precon-used instead of a sample loop. This column features centration Technique «MiPCT»). Inline Pre con centration is functional properties very similar to those of separation linear over a broad range. This means that the method is columns, except that the material has a considerably enormously flexible and automatic calibration is pos sible. higher capa city and consists of comparatively large par - All you need to do is to create a single multi-ion stan d-ticles, which ensure a much lower backpressure. If a de - ard. The system then carries out a multi-point calib ration. fined volume of sample is passed over the preconcentration Inline Preconcentration for trace analysis: The sample is drawn through the injection valve (inject position) into a buffer volume. Then the valve is switched to the fill position and the exact volume fed onto the preconcentration column. After injection, the ions elute from the preconcentration column and are analyzed. Inline Preconcentration at a glance • Highly flexible sample preparation technique for trace and ultratrace analysis • Enables detection limits in the ng/L range • Variable preconcentration volumes. The system automatically optimizes the preconcen tra tion volume • Always reliable results, because they are always within the calibration range 19 • Very precise and exact analyses down to the ultratrace range • Practically maintenance-free technology • Automatic calibration; the preparation of a single multi-ion standard is sufficient • A single analytical method for variable preconcentration volumes between 0.2 and 20 mL • Minimal risk of contamination due to blank-free liquid handling • Combination with Inline Calibration possible, the ideal calibration method for the ng/L range • High capacity preconcentration columns enable the use of this technique, even in samples with high ionic contamination • Can be combined with Inline Matrix Elimination and Inline Neutralization Applications with Inline Preconcentration • Analysis of anions or cations in the ng/L to µg/L range • Numerous applications from ultrapure water analysis to drinking water analysis • Quality control of cooling water in conventional power plants • Analyses of various samples from nuclear power plants • Process control and monitoring of rinsing solutions in the semiconductor industry Professional Liquid Handling based on the accuracy and precision of the patented 800 Dosino. The transfer water is dosed by the trap column (red arrows). Thus, the transfer solution is free of any contamination. Solutions are aspirated along the path marked with the blue arrow. Sample is only drawn along as far as the buffer volume. Because of the lower backpressure, this can be done very quickly. Inline Preconcentration with Inline Matrix Elimination 20 Inline Preconcentration and Inline Matrix Elimination can ponents are prevented from interfering with the detection be combined into Metrohm intelligent Precon cen tration of the analytes, resulting in a stable baseline, which is the Technique with Matrix Elimination (MiPCT-ME), a high-prerequisite for reliable and reproducible analysis. performance sample preparation technique. With MiPCT- ME, low concentrations of analytes present in a non- The technique described above can be used to measure ionic matrix can be determined with a high degree of concentrations in the ng/L to mg/L range with a high reproducibility. degree of precision and accuracy. The high flexibility of the 800 Dosino is a decisive factor in the performance of Once the sample is concentrated in a preconcentration such a system. The combination of Inline Preconcentration column, the non-ionic components of the sample are and Inline Matrix Elimination enables preconcentration, flushed with ultrapure water from the preconcentration not only of large 20 mL volumes, but also of small column. The advantage of this is that the non-ionic com-vo lumes from 4 µL plus. Inline Preconcentration with Inline Matrix Elimination: The 800 Dosino aspirates the volume to be injected and transfers the sample with transfer water into a buffer volume. The transfer water is supplied by an additional 800 Dosino in the LQH Station. Once the injection valve is switched to the «fill» position, the sample is preconcentrated, and then the non-ionic matrix components are eliminated. When the injection valve is switched to the «inject» position, the preconcentration column is rinsed with eluent, and the sample is transferred to the analytical column. Metrohm Inline Calibration Inline Calibration is a unique technique that allows calib-How is it possible to calibrate with a µg/L standard and 21 ration to be carried out reliably and precisely in the ng/L measure samples in the ng/L range? The answer lies in range. For this, a single multi-ion standard is pre pared in the linearity of the method. If 10 µL of a 100 µg/L the µg/L range. This is considerably more stable and standard solution is transferred onto the preconcentration easier to prepare than a ng/L standard. The standard is column, that corresponds exactly to the preconcentration introduced into the system via an additional valve, which of 10 mL of a solution of 100 ng/L. The great advantage is fitted with a sample loop (e.g., 10 µL). A multi-point of Inline Calibration is the elimination of the contamination calibration emerges from multiple filling of the sample risk during the preparation of various standards in the loop and preconcentration of the standard prior to ng/L range and calibration. In this way you can calibrate injection (automatic calibration technique). reliably and precisely down to the single-digit ng/L range. Inline Preconcentration with Inline Matrix Elimination and Inline Calibration for samples in the single-digit ng/L range: The injection of 1, 2 or X sample loop volumes onto the preconcentration column produces the different calibration points. Metrohm Inline Neutralization 16 22 Inline Neutralization is recommended when strongly aci- Inline Neutralization at a glance dic or alkaline samples are to be analyzed. With the help • Neutralizes the pH-value of your sample to pH 5–7 of this technique, such samples can be prepared fully • Fully automatic sample preparation for highly automatically during sample injection and then analyzed alkaline or acidic samples during sample injection directly. This technique is also suitable for determining • Allows preconcentration even for highly alkaline ultratraces. After Inline Neutralization, even strongly alka-samples line samples can be preconcentrated, thus facilitating • Replaces time-consuming and expensive manual ana lyses in the ng/L concentration range. sample preparation with SPE cartridges • Ultratrace analysis in combination with Inline The Sample Preparation Module «SPM» is used for Calibration Metrohm Inline Neutralization. The heart of the SPM is a • Eliminates the risk of contamination by avoiding rotor, filled with cation-exchange resin that contains manual sample preparation steps three cartridges. While one cartridge is used for sample • Practically maintenance-free and very robust pre paration, a regeneration step takes place automatically • Can be combined with Inline Preconcentration and on the second. The third cartridge is rinsed automatically Inline Matrix Elimination during this time. Thus, a freshly regenerated cartridge is available for each sample. The choice of regenerant Applications with Inline Neutralization depends on the nature of the sample. For strongly acidic • Trace anion analysis in concentrated alkaline samples, sodium hydroxide is used. Thus, the protons of solutions and acids the sample are exchanged for Na+ in the SPM and the • Samples from aluminum production, such as Bayer sample is neutralized. If, however, strongly alkaline Liquor samples samples are analyzed, perchloric acid is used as regene- • Starter substances from the electroplating industry rant. In this case the relevant cation is exchanged for a • Ultratrace analysis for nuclear power plants in proton in the SPM. matrices such as lithium hydroxide/boric acid or with high amine concentrations Inline Neutralization in the trace range: The 800 Dosino draws an exacktly measured volume of sample through a valve into the buffer volume. To ensure that the entire sample volume is placed in the buffer volume, ultrapure water is aspirated from the LQH Station after the sample. The valve is then switched and the sample passes through the SPM where it is neutralized. The neutralized sample is then transferred to the preconcentration column. Finally, the sample is injected and the chromatogram recorded. Metrohm Inline Cation Removal Inline Cation Removal is used especially to remove tran- Inline Cation Removal at a glance 23 sition metals from electroplating samples. Inline Cation • Fully automated sample preparation for the removal Removal is similar to Inline Neutralization in both its of metals and transition metals during sample setup and mode of operation. As in the case of Inline injection Neutralization of highly acidic samples, sodium hydroxide • Eliminates the risk of precipitation and deposits in or lithium hydroxide is also used here as regenerant. the system • Increases the lifetime of the column and chemical The metal ions are exchanged for Na+ in the SPM. A simple suppressor exchange for protons is sometimes unsuitable, specifi- • Replaces the time-consuming and expensive manual cally in the case of samples from the electroplating indus-sample preparation with SPE cartridges try, since this would render the sample too acidic. Inline • Practically maintenance-free system Cation Removal prevents the precipitation of metal • Can be combined with Inline Preconcentration and hydroxides in the system and/or a preconcentration in Inline Matrix Elimination the chemical suppressor. Analysis with integrated Inline Cation Removal functions fully automatically, robustly Applications with Inline Cation Removal and reliably. • Analysis of anions in the ng/L to g/L range • Analysis of electroplating samples contaminated with various transition metals • Analysis of anionic impurities in electroplating baths, e.g., nickel or zinc baths • Samples from aluminum production, e.g., Bayer Liquor samples Inline Cation Removal for samples from the electroplating industry: The sample is measured in a sample loop on an additional valve. The sample is then washed with a transfer solution onto a preconcentration column by way of the SPM. The transfer solution usually consists of ultrapure water. Inline Sample Preparation by Professional Liquid Handling 24 The 940 Professional IC Vario is a modern, compact ion The 942 Extension Module Vario LQH was developed chromatograph that is highly flexible with respect to the speci fically for professional Liquid Handling. Apart from a configuration of its modular components. The instrument peristaltic pump and an injection valve, it also features a grows with its tasks. If your analytical requirements 10-port selector valve. This enables the direct linking of should change, you can adapt the configuration of the Inline Sample Preparation with sophisticated Liquid 940 Professional IC Vario at any time. One option is the Handling. In addition, the instrument can accommodate use of the 942 Extension Module Vario. a reaction vessel, a buffer volume, and up to six auxiliary solutions. Short paths ensure very short rinsing times. For Inline Sample Preparation, Metrohm offers the The accuracy of the volumetric transfer is ensured in this 942 Extension Module Vario Prep 2. It is used, if a sample instrument, once again, by an 800 Dosino. This means preparation technique requires an additional injection work can be carried out very precisely and reliably. valve or a peristaltic pump (e.g., Inline Preconcentration A whole range of new possibilities open up for Inline with Inline Calibration). Sample Preparation. 942 Extension Module Vario extends the configuration of the Professional Professional Liquid Handling is made possible by the 942 Extension IC systems. Here an 940 Professional IC Vario TWO/SeS/PP is combined with a Module Vario LQH. 942 Extension Module Vario HPG and an 858 Professional Sample Processor. Applications for the 942 Extension Module Vario LQH • Mixing of solutions • Variations in the pH-value of samples • Pre-column derivatizations, reactions of samples prior to analysis (e.g., complexing reactions) • Sample preparation steps (e.g., sample dilution or inline SPE cartridge use) • 10-port selection valve for sample injection Inline Sampling for IC Online Monitoring The 942 Extension Module Vario LQH can be used for The system including Inline Sampling can be combined 25 Inline Sampling in processes. Up to 10 different liquid with the intelligent Partial Loop Injection Technique or flows can be connected to the 10-port selection valve – Inline Preconcentration with Inline Matrix Elimination. samples, standards and check standards, for example. This system can also be calibrated with a single multi-ion This system reduces sampling risks to a minimum standard (automatic calibration). because the sample flow is connected directly to the ion chromatograph. This eliminates the high contamination Applications for IC Online Monitoring risk associated with manual sample filling. The system • Analysis of anions, cations, organic acids, and also enables a more rapid and effective reaction to carbohydrates in the ng/L to g/L range changes in the process. MagIC Net, the Metrohm ion • Continuous analysis of processes chromatography software, monitors results and reports • Monitoring of cooling water when limit values are exceeded. Inline Sampling for IC Online Monitoring in trace analysis: The 942 Extension Module Vario LQH with its 10-port selection valve is the heart of this system. Depending on the sample ID, the 10-port selection valve is actuated and the sample is aspirated by an 800 Dosino into a buffer volume. Then, the 10-port selection valve is switched and the sample is concentrated in the preconcentration column. Inline Sample Preparation for gaseous samples 26 The old cliché that ion chromatography can only be used matograph, it is very simple to determine simul taneously to analyze liquid samples is no longer valid. Modern all of the water-soluble anions and cations in aerosols. Inline Sample Preparation techniques also allow precision The advantages of this hyphenated technique are ob - analysis of gases and soids, thus opening up new fields vious. The ionic profile of aerosols can be de termined of application. with a high time resolution. Thus, for example, diurnal variation analyses are possible at 15 minute intervals. Air analysis, in particular, has become ever more im por- Further advantages include the fact that on-site analysis tant in recent years in the wake of the awareness of the makes it possible to eliminate completely the problems adverse effects of atmospheric pollution on human connected with sample storage and transportation. In - health. No matter whether you want to analyze air or line coup ling with the ion chromatography guarantees other gaseous samples – Metrohm offers you two pos si-contami na tion-free analysis. Typical application areas of bil ities for determining the ionic constituents in your PILS-IC hyphenation are the monitoring of pollutants in - samples. side buildings, emission controls at workplaces, moni toring of am bient air, measurements of tunnel air, de ter mi - Particle Into Liquid Sampler «PILS»1 nation of stack emissions, analysis of fine dust or mobile PILS is a sample preparation module that samples aerosol use, e.g., on aircrafts. particles from an air stream and transfers them to the aqueous phase. When it is combined with an ion chro - «PILS» puts aerosols into a supersaturated water steam phase where they quickly grow into droplets. The droplets are separated out and transferred with a carrier solution into an ion chromatograph. The size of the aerosol particles to be determined can be limited by a preceding cyclone or impactor (e.g., PM , PM , PM ). 1 2.5 10 1 PILS is a co-production of Metrohm Applikon and Metrohm. Monitor for Aerosols and Gases «MARGA»2 27 MARGA is an online ion chromatograph integrating The largest area of application is environmental research. sample preparation for gaseous samples. MARGA deter- Here, the MARGA is used for online monitoring of envi- mines the entire water-soluble ionic load of aerosols and ronmentally relevant parameters such as SO , NO and x x the gas phase. Anions and cations are measured in NH +. In this way it is possible to carry out extremely 4 parallel. Compared with filter packs, the MARGA system accurate analyses of climatic influences or of acid rain is more economical to maintain and allows a better time and also to monitor local occurrences such as emissions resolution. MARGA provides precise results 24/7 and from the burning of biomass. com municates results in real time anywhere via the Internet. The results can be used to establish trends, mo - nitor pollution, examine movements of air masses, and to study day-night rhythms. The MARGA System simultaneously measures gases such as NH , HNO , HNO , HCl, SO , as well as the ionic load of aerosols such 3 2 3 2 as NH +, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, NO -, SO 2-, SO 2-, NO -, PO 3-. The system operates autonomously. Solutions need only be replenished 4 3 4 3 2 4 once a week. 2 MARGA can be obtained from Metrohm Applikon. Inline Sample Preparation for solids 28 Complete automation of manual working steps is a clear The 815 Robotic Soliprep is more than just an auto-aim of any modern analysis. The goal is to achieve better sampler. The instrument is able to homogenize, extract, precision and accuracy of results and also ensure the dilute, and filter your solid or liquid samples. The sample traceability of every working step that the sample has can then be transferred directly to your IC or HPLC sys - been through. With the 815 Robotic Soliprep, designed tem. Depending on the requirements of the appli cation, especially for Liquid Chromatography, Metrohm offers you the 815 Robotic Soliprep offers enormous flexi bility in a modern solution for automation that achieves this aim. system configuration and integrates all manual sample preparation steps into a fully automated analysis system. This saves time and costs, while at the same time offering the benefit of added convenience with increased ana lytical reliability. Automated sample preparation: In the first step, solvent is added and the sample is pulverized and homogenized. After that, sample is drawn up with a metal-free needle, filtered, and finally transferred directly to the IC system by way of a connection port. The 815 Robotic Soliprep for LC for Inline Sample Preparation of solid samples. The prepared sample is directly transferred to an IC or HPLC instrument. This fully automated analysis system minimizes manual steps and ensures complete traceability. Inline Sample Preparation for combustible samples with Combustion Ion Chromatography «CIC» Combustion Ion Chromatography (CIC) extends the Combustion IC at a glance 29 range of ion chromatography to all types of combustible • Fully automated sample preparation for solids, samples. The focus here is primarily on the simultaneous gases, and liquids and subsequent analysis by ion determination of the various halogens and sulfur in va - chromatography. rious matrices. The CIC system from Metrohm, in clud ing • Simultaneous determination of sulfur and halogens sample preparation, is completely automated. CIC is su - • Quantification of the concentration for each of the perior to offline digestion methods, not only with res pect different halogens to sample throughput but also in terms of pre cision and • High sample throughput accuracy of the results. In contrast to alter native methods, • High precision and accuracy the concentration of the different kinds of halo gens can • Material tests with regard to halogen-free products be specified with CIC. Configuration of a CIC system. The sample is pyrolized at a temperature of up to 1100 °C. The resulting gaseous compounds are transferred into an absorption solution that is then injected into an ion chromatograph. Configuration consisting of a 930 Compact IC Flex, a 920 Absorber Module and a combustion module from Analytik Jena equipped with an autosampler for solid samples Ordering information 30 Depending on your application, we can offer you a in telligent conductivity detector, and an 858 Professional variety of ProfIC Vario systems. These systems consist of Sample Processor. In addition, the package includes all of automated Metrohm Inline Sample Preparation tech - the peripheral devices and accessories that are required niques combined with a 940 Professional IC Vario, an for the respective technique. ProfIC Vario 2 Anion Professional IC Vario system with Inline Ultrafiltration ProfIC Vario 2 Cation ProfIC Vario 2 AnCat ProfIC Vario 3 Anion Professional IC Vario system with Inline Dialysis ProfIC Vario 3 Cation ProfIC Vario 4 Anion Professional IC Vario System with Inline Dilution (MIDT) ProfIC Vario 4 Cation ProfIC Vario 4 AnCat ProfIC Vario 6 Anion Professional IC Vario system with Inline Dilution and Inline Ultrafiltration ProfIC Vario 6 Cation ProfIC Vario 6 AnCat ProfIC Vario 7 Anion Professional IC Vario system with Inline Dilution with Inline Dialysis ProfIC Vario 7 Cation ProfIC Vario 15 Anion Professional IC Vario system with intelligent Partial Loop Injection Technique (MiPT) ProfIC Vario 15 Cation ProfIC Vario 15 AnCat ProfIC Vario 14 An Professional IC Vario system with intelligent Pick-up Injection Technique (MiPuT) ProfIC Vario 14 Cat ProfIC Vario 14 AnCat ProfIC Vario 7 Anion Professional IC Vario system with Inline Extraction ProfIC Vario 7 Cation ProfIC Vario 8 Anion Professional IC Vario system with Inline Matrix Elimination ProfIC Vario 8 Cation ProfIC Vario 5 Anion Professional IC Vario system with Inline Preconcentration (MiPCT) ProfIC Vario 5 Cation ProfIC Vario 5 AnCat ProfIC Vario 9 Anion Professional IC Vario system with Inline Preconcentration and ProfIC Vario 9 Cation Inline Matrix Elimination (MiPCT-ME) ProfIC Vario 9 AnCat Professional IC Vario system with Inline Neutralization ProfIC Vario 10 Anion Professional IC Vario system with Inline Neutralization, Inline Preconcentration and ProfIC Vario 11 Anion Inline Matrix Elimination Professional IC Vario system with Inline Cation Removal ProfIC Vario 10 Anion Professional IC Vario system with Inline Cation Removal, Inline Preconcentration and ProfIC Vario 11 Anion Inline Matrix Elimination Professional IC Vario system for IC Online Monitoring ProfIC Vario 12 Anion Of course, you can also set up your ion chromatography system according to your own particular 31 requirements. The 940 Professional IC Vario and 930 Compact IC Flex configurators help you to do just that (ic940.metrohm.com and ic930.metrohm.com): Ion chromatograph 940 Professional IC Vario 930 Compact IC Flex Automation 2.858.0010 858 Professional Sample Processor 2.858.0020 858 Professional Sample Processor – Pump 2.858.0030 858 Professional Sample Processor – Pump – Valve 2.919.0020 919 IC Autosampler plus 6.5330.100 IC Equipment: Inline Dialysis 6.5330.110 IC Equipment: Inline Ultrafiltration 6.5330.120 IC Equipment: Inline Dilution (MIDT) 6.5330.140 IC Equipment: MiPCT 6.5330.160 IC Equipment: MiPCT-ME 6.5330.170 IC Equipment: MiPuT 6.5330.180 IC Equipment: MiPT Liquid Handling 2.942.0020 942 Extension Module Vario Prep 2 2.942.0070 942 Extension Module Vario LQH 2.800.0010 800 Dosino 6.3032.120 Dosing Unit 2 mL 6.3032.150 Dosing Unit 5 mL 6.3032.210 Dosing Unit 10 mL 6.3032.220 Dosing Unit 20 mL 6.3032.250 Dosing Unit 50 mL 6.2841.120 Liquid Handling Station, left 6.5330.130 IC Equipment: Liquid Handling Station, left Inline Sample Preparation for gaseous samples 2.136.0400 Particle Into Liquid Sampler ADI 2081 2.136.0500 Peristaltic pump, 8 channels with 6 rollers 6.5335.000 Liquid Handling Set for PILS MARGA systems can be ordered via Metrohm Applikon. Inline Sample Preparation for solid samples 2.815.4110 Robotic Soliprep for LC Inline Sample Preparation for combustible samples with Combustion IC «CIC» 2.930.9010 Metrohm Combustion IC for solid and liquid samples 2.136.0730 Combustion Module (Oven + LPG/GSS) for gaseous samples 2.136.0800 Autosampler MMS 5000 6.7302.000 MMS 5000 Kit for Solid Samples 6.7303.000 MMS 5000 Kit for Liquid Samples www.metrohm.com G, CH-9100 Herisau ohm A witzerland at Metr , printed in S SW Subject to modifications Designed by Ecknauer+Schoch A 8.940.5002EN – 2014-03