Metrohm Autolab

Corrosion Application Products Compliance and convenience for your corrosion laboratory

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Corrosion Research

• General corrosion mechanism studies and development of new materials

• Corrosion protection research: characterization of protective coatings, paints

• Pitting corrosion, critical pitting temperature (CPT) determination

• Corrosion inhibitors development and performance studies

• Environmental corrosion: marine, atmospheric, microbial, oil etc.

• Industry specific corrosion research: automotive, oil, power plants, fashion, medical implants etc.

• Corrosion studies under static and hydrodynamic (flow) conditions: laminar (RDE) and turbulent (RCE)

• Tribo-corrosion*

• H-permeation studies**

* Possible with the use of third-party tribology devices.

** Autolab PGSTAT302F required. Please contact your Metrohm Autolab distributor for further information.

Subject to change.

Images are exemplary and all local lab regulations and experiment conditions should be considered when using Autolab products.



Metrohm Autolab:

All you need for quality corrosion research 2

Would you like deeper, faster & more accurate insight from your corrosion research?

3

No doubt you are concerned about data accuracy and reproducibility. You also want to maximize resources and create efficient, possibly automated workflows while measuring corrosion rates, investigating corrosion mechanisms, analyzing coating properties or screening for the best corrosion inhibitors.

Metrohm Autolab’s reliable, high performing electrochemical instruments and accessories with dedicated measurement techniques brings the entire world of corrosion research in to your laboratory. You can recreate real world corrosion processes in the laboratory, save time and expand your research possibilities, improving the reproducibility and accuracy of the results.

Metrohm Autolab is your partner for electrochemistry – we are dedicated to research and understand your requirements whatever you are exploring. From PGSTATs to sample holders and corrosion cells, all of our parts and accessories are compatible and in some cases interchangeable.

Typical corrosion parameters and techniques

• Measurement of the polarization resistance (R )

• Determination of the coating parameters by using p

by using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)

• Determination of the break down and critical

• Corrosion rate measurements by using linear pitting potential (E and CPP) and protection b

sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical potential (E ) by using linear sweep voltammetry p

frequency modulation (EFM) techniques (LSV) and integrated temperature control

• Determination of additional corrosion parameters

• Monitoring of the open circuit potential (OCP) by such as corrosion current (i ) and corrosion using time domain (chrono) measurements corr

potential (E ), Tafel constants (b , b ) using corr

a

c

• Electrochemical Noise (ECN) measurements linear and cyclic polarization

by using a zero resistance ammeter (ZRA) configuration with measurements in the time domain (chrono) measurements and analysis in the frequency domain.



Capture, explore and understand your data with NOVA 4

Powerful Data Acquisition & Analysis Software 5

Effortless Intuitive Software Efficiently Automated Laboratory

• Users are comfortable with NOVA’s modern

• With the powerful and flexible NOVA 2

user interface and straightforward software you can customize measurement navigation.

procedures and data analysis to your exact

• NOVA has approximately 60 essential experimental requirements.

electrochemistry procedures available for

• Customize experiment procedures in real time preliminary exploration including 7 core and save them.

corrosion techniques.

• You can even automate your procedures for

maximum convenience!

Customized Lab Setup

• Improve lab efficiency by automating your

• With the integrated control of the Metrohm throughput with Metrohm Liquid Handling Liquid Handling devices you optimize your lab devices, multiplexers and the NOVA 2 software.

processes and avoid costly human error.

• NOVA Scheduler helps your planning and allows you to execute a series of procedures on multiple instruments and/or accessories.

• Conveniently pre-configure calculations for other lab users and the desired result will be available at the end of the measurement.

Potentiodynamic polarization with Tafel analysis using the NOVA 2 software.

Core corrosion techniques with NOVA 4

Powerful Data Acquisition & Analysis Software 55

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NOVA 2 is the most powerful electrochemistry

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software on the market with 7 dedicated corrosion

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-0,48

techniques that you can use to get your research

-0,50

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started immediately. You can also use the power

-0,54

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of NOVA to customize and automate your

-0,58

Potential applied (V)

-0,60

procedures.

-0,62

-0,64

-0,66

-0,68

-0,70

-0,72

1E-07

1E-06

1E-05

0,0001

Log(i/A)

Linear Polarization (LP)

0,01

10

0,0001

1

1E-05

0,001

0,1

0,01

1E-06

0,0001

0,001

1E-07

Log(i/A)

0,0001

1E-05

1E-08

Current density (A/cm²)

1E-05

Potential frequency domain

1E-06

1E-09

1E-07

1E-06

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

-1,2

-1,1

-1,0

-0,9

-0,8

-0,7

-0,6

-0,5

-0,4

-0,3

-0,2

-0,1

0,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

Frequency domain (Hz)

Potential (V)

Potentiodynamic polarization (PD) with inhibitors Electrochemical Frequency Modulation (EFM) 0,18

0,01

0,16

1E-15

0,001

0,14

1E-16

0,0001

0,12

1E-17

1E-05

0,10

1E-18

1E-06

0,08

1E-19

1E-07

0,06

1E-20

1E-08

0,04

1E-21

1E-09

0,02

1E-22

1E-10

0,00

1E-11

1E-23

Potential applied (V)

-0,02

Potential (PSD) (V²/Hz)

Current (PSD) (A²/Hz)

1E-24

-0,04

1E-12

1E-25

-0,06

1E-13

-0,08

1E-14

1E-26

-0,10

1E-15

1E-27

-0,12

1E-16

1E-28

-0,14

1E-17

1E-29

-0,16

0,01

0,1

1

10

100

1E-08

1E-07

1E-06

1E-05

0,0001

0,001

0,01

Frequency (Hz)

Log(i/A)

Cyclic Polarization

Electrochemical Noise (ECN)

21000

20000

19000

-0,10

18000

17000

-0,15

16000

15000

-0,20

14000

13000

-0,25

12000

)

11000

-0,30

10000

-Z'' (Ω

9000

-0,35

8000

Potential applied (V)

7000

-0,40

6000

5000

-0,45

4000

3000

-0,50

2000

1000

0

-0,55

1E-07

1E-06

1E-05

0,0001

0,001

0

5000

10000

Log(i/A)

Z' (Ω)

Electrochemical Impedance (EIS)

Hydrodynamic Measurements (with and without rotation)





Choose your corrosion workstation 6

Corrosion Compact

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Metrohm Autolab created these workstations to 1 L ASTM Corrosion Cell

meet the experimental requirements of corrosion professionals across the spectrum of corrosion research Two-way gas inlet

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with the flexibility to adjust your setup as research requirements change.

Thermostatic jacket

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• Immediately start your research with the Thermometer 0-150˚C

4

prepared high quality 1 L ASTM corrosion cell.

• Quickly execute core corrosion measurements Ag/AgCI reference electrode

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with NOVA’s standard procedures.

Stainless steel counter electrode 4

Sample holder (1cm2)

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The Corrosion Compact package is for you, if you: 1 L ASTM Corrosion Cell Specifications

• Want to add electrochemistry to your existing corrosion workflow

Exposed surface area:

1cm2

• Have limited space and don’t want to reconfigure your lab

Sample diameter:

14-16 mm

• Require ASTM compliance in your laboratory Sample holder:

PEEK

Seal:

Rubber

Corrosion Compact includes:

• Autolab PGSTAT204

The 1 L ASTM Corrosion Cell is included in both

• FRA32M module for Electrochemical Impedance the Corrosion Compact and Corrosion Complete Spectroscopy (EIS)

packages.

• 1 L ASTM Corrosion Cell (ASTM compliant)

• Powerful NOVA Software





Choose your corrosion workstation 6

Corrosion Complete

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The Corrosion Complete package is for you, if you:

• Require efficient execution of complex electrochemical experiments and data analysis with one instrument, one interface

• Validate experiments by acquiring a variety of data using multiple corrosion techniques

• Require ASTM compliance in your laboratory Corrosion Complete includes:

• Autolab PGSTAT302N

•

Electrochemical Noise module (ECN) is ultra-

•

sensitive and amplifies corrosion noise as a 4 dedicated modules installed

function of time allowing data analysis in the

• FRA32M module for Electrochemical Impedance frequency domain

Spectroscopy (EIS)

•

Pt 1000 temperature sensor for the temperature

• Low current amplifier module (ECD) measures measurement of the pX1000

ultra-low current measurements (down to 300 aA)

• 1 L ASTM Corrosion Cell (ASTM compliant) and ultra-low signal to noise ratio

• Powerful NOVA Software

• Voltage and pH measurement module (pX1000) provides simultaneous and highly accurate pH, additional voltage and temperature measurements

PGSTAT302N has a capacity of 8 modules, with the configuration Corrosion Complete there is still the possibility to add up to 4 other modules. Modules can be conveniently added post-installation by one of our service technicians.



Metrohm Autolab Rotating Cylinder Electrode (RCE) 8

Recreate The Outside In Your Lab 9

Metrohm Autolab developed the RCE to be as No Cumbersome Setup

versatile as possible to meet your ever changing RCE is Compact and Easy to Handle research needs. The RCE is a welcome addition to a portfolio that offers reliable, high performing

• The Autolab RCE is very compact, only a tenth electrochemical instruments and accessories for

of the size of other commercially available RCEs.

corrosion research.

• Small but powerful the RCE is easy to handle and light enough to fit into most experimental setups without overcomplicating the RCE Is a Smooth Operator

configuration. The RCE’s minimal space Noise Free Measurements

requirement allows you to setup easily one or more rotating cylinder electrodes just about

• Autolab's Rotating Cylinder Electrode with anywhere in your laboratory.

a liquid contact provides superior noise-free corrosion measurements.

Get Hands On

• The RCE’s Hg sealed contact produces smooth No Tools Required

and accurate data that requires no special The functional design of the Metrohm Autolab handling or tools for use in your lab.

rotating cylinder electrode allows practical manual assembly and setup.





Metrohm Autolab Rotating Cylinder Electrode (RCE) 8

Recreate The Outside In Your Lab 9

Highest Specifications on the Market RDE or RCE?

Expand Your Research Possiblities You Have Options

• With the highest rotation rate among

• Do you already have an Autolab RDE? Your commercially available systems, the Autolab RDE rotator can also be used with a cylinder Rotating Cylinder Electrode allows you to electrode for corrosion research.

simulate the widest variety of pipe flow

• Conveniently change the electrode and you are conditions in your lab.

ready to explore other possibilities. You can make

• The RCE can achieve double the rotation rate of this change with minimal downtime.

any other 12 mm rotating cylinder electrode making achievable simulated flow rates that are 50% higher than any other commercially Maximum Simulated Turbulent Flow Rates available.

1 inch / 2.66 cm ID pipe with

• Are standards a priority for your lab? Relax! The schedule 40: 365 cm/s maximum flow rate Autolab Rotating Cylinder Electrode is fully ASTM G185-6 compliant.

24 inch / 57.48 cm ID pipe with schedule 40: 566 cm/s maximum flow rate Single Size RCE (12 mm)

Achievable flow rates are 50% higher than any Efficiency and Compatibility

other commercially available 12 mm diameter RCE.

• You can access the full rotation rate of the Autolab RCE (100-5000 rpm) with a 12 mm cylinder.

• The Autolab Rotating Cylinder Electrode is compatible with your existing 12 mm cylinders.

No need to create new cylinders or have multiple sizes in your laboratory.*

*Commercially manufactured cylinders.





Metrohm Autolab corrosion cells

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0.4 L Corrosion Cell

Exposed surface area:

0.785 cm2

Sample diameter:

14 mm

Sample holder material:

POM

Seal:

Viton

Flat Corrosion Cell

Exposed surface area:

16.9 cm2

Sample diameter:

6-8.5 cm

Sample holder material:

PVC

Seal:

Viton O-ring

0.250 L Corrosion Cell

Exposed surface area:

1cm2

Sample diameter:

14-16 mm

Sample holder material:

PEEK

Seal:

Rubber



Metrohm Autolab Flat Sample Platform 10

For Oversized Corrosion Samples 11

Add electrochemistry, subtract research time!

Metrohm Flat Sample Platform

• With the Autolab Flat Sample Platform you can conduct electrochemical research with your Exposed surface area:

16.9 cm2

existing salt spray chamber samples reducing Minimum sample diameter:

5.5 mm

experiment time from weeks to hours depending on your setup.

Sample holder material:

PVC

• You can reproduce your research easily and Seal:

Viton O-ring

efficiently by using your standardized samples used in salt spray chambers in diverse research environments.

Direct connection, clean data

• The Autolab Flat Sample Platform’s direct connection socket allows you to connect directly to the PGSTAT. Plug right in and measure clean, noise-free data.

Electrochemical corrosion tests 12

ASTM Standards

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Compact

Complete

F746:

Standard Test Method for Pitting or Crevice Corrosion of Metallic

*

*

Surgical Implant Materials

F2129: Standard Test Method for Conducting Cyclic Potentiodynamic

*

*

Polarization Measurements to Determine the Corrosion Susceptibility of Small Implant Devices

G5:

Standard Reference Test Method for Making Potentiodynamic Anodic

*

*

Polarization Measurements

G59:

Standard Test Method for Conducting Potentiodynamic Polarization

*

*

Resistance Measurements

G61: Standard Test Method for Conducting Cyclic Potentiodynamic

*

*

Polarization Measurements for Localized Corrosion Susceptibility of Iron-, Nickel -, or Cobalt-Based Alloys G69:

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Corrosion Potentials of

*

*

Aluminum Alloys

G100:

Standard Test Method for Conducting Cyclic Galvanostaircase

*

*

Polarization

G102: Standard Practice for Calculation of Corrosion Rates and Related

*

*

Information from Electrochemical Measurements G106:

Standard Practice for Verification of Algorithm and Equipment for

*

*

Electrochemical Impedance Measurements G148:

Standard Practice for Evaluation of Hydrogen Uptake, Permeation,

**

and Transport in Metals by an Electrochemical Technique G150:

Standard Test Method for Electrochemical Critical PittingTemperature

*

Testing of Stainless Steels and Related Alloys G185:

Standard Practice for Evaluating and Qualifying Oil Field and Refinery

*

*

Corrosion Inhibitors Using the Rotating Cylinder Electrode G199:

Standard Guide for Electrochemical Noise Measurement

*

*Additional accessories may be required

** PGSTAT302F with with floating mode required



Electrochemical corrosion tests

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ASTM Standards

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Electrochemical Techniques

Parameters of Interest

ASTM Reference Methods

DC Techniques

• Polarization Resistance (Rp)

• F2129

• Linear sweep voltammetry

• Corrosion Rate (mm/Year)

• G5

• Tafel slope analysis

• Corrosion Current (i )

• G59

corr

• Potentiodynamic and linear

• Corrosion Potential (E )

• G61

corr

polarization (PD, LP)

• G100

• Cyclic polarization

• G102

• Hydrodynamic linear sweep

• G185

AC Techniques

• Film Resistance &

• G106

• Electrochemical impedance Conductivity (R )

ct

spectroscopy (EIS)

• Charge-transfer resistance

• Solution Resistance (R )s

• Polarization Resistance (R )p Chrono & other Techniques

• Redox kinetics

• F746

• Electrochemical noise (ECN)

• Pit initiation

• G69

• Critical pitting technique

• Crevice progression

• G148

(CPT)

• Hydrogen resistance

• G150

• Hydrogen Permeation study

• Surface morphology

• G199

Dedicated to research



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Metrohm Autolab sets the standard for electrochemistry instrumentation. Over 30 years ago, we created the first commercially available digital potentiostat/galvanostat that was completely computer controlled.

Today our NOVA software is the most powerful electrochemistry software on the market.

Metrohm Autolab creates instruments that are suitable for most application areas including: corrosion, energy, environmental, sensors, and solar. Our customers may not always be electrochemists, but they are engaged in fundamental and applied research harnessing the power of electrochemistry for further understanding. They are driven to understand and improve electrochemical processes with the ambition to deliver new materials with superior properties and future possibilities.

With an Autolab potentiostat/galvanostat and NOVA software there are no limits to where your research can go.

Reliability

Versatility

•

Metrohm Autolab’s integrated testing process

•

Metrohm Autolab instruments are the ensures that each component is traceable and workhorses of electrochemical research tested individually after installation in the delivering the requirements of most instrument.

application areas with our range of

•

Metrohm Autolab instruments undergo up to instruments, modules and accessories.

405 quality checks during the manufacturing

•

Modular instruments allow you to change and process.

expand the functionality of your instrument.

•

Our installed instruments average 99% uptime

•

Specialist modules can be installed to provide in the first 5 years of installation.*

additional electrochemical measurements and possibilities as your research progresses.

Superior Service

Powerful software

•

Metrohm Autolab provides an industry-leading

•

NOVA is the powerful data acquisition and 3 year warranty for all its instruments, modules analysis software that powers your experiment.

and instrument accessories.

•

Essential procedures and multiple analysis

•

Our dedicated distribution and service options are built-in with the ability to modify network provide a fast response for sales and and create your own.

service, usually within 48 hours.

•

NOVA helps maximize your laboratory

•

Our colleagues are people you can trust to throughput with useful features that put the understand your requirements and provide focus on safety and production.

solutions to support your research objectives.

*Based on European markets most widely sold instrumentation.



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G, CH-9100 Herisau ohm A

Dedicated to research

www.metrohm.com/electrochemistry 11

witzerland by Metr

Subject to change

Printed in S

8.000.5328EN – 2019-